Wildfire Smoke Safety

Preparation Steps

• Stock N95 or P100 respirators for every household member — surgical masks and cloth masks do not filter the fine particles in wildfire smoke.
• Purchase a portable HEPA air purifier sized for your main living area; buy at least one extra filter.
• Learn how to read the Air Quality Index (AQI) — levels above 100 require reducing outdoor activity; above 150 means stay indoors entirely.
• Identify a clean-air shelter in your community (library, shopping center with HVAC filtration) in case your home cannot be adequately sealed.
• Install weatherstripping on doors and windows to reduce air infiltration during smoke events.

Immediate Actions

• Stay indoors with all windows and doors closed when AQI exceeds 100.
• Run your air purifier on the highest setting in the room where you spend the most time.
• Set your HVAC system to recirculate mode — do not draw outside air into the home.
• Avoid cooking on the stove or with open flames indoors — combustion adds to indoor air pollution.
• Check AQI frequently via a reliable app (AirNow, PurpleAir); avoid any outdoor exertion when AQI exceeds 100.
• Wear an N95 respirator properly fitted over your nose and mouth if you must go outside.

What to Avoid

• Do not exercise outdoors when AQI exceeds 150 — increased breathing rate pulls more particles deep into lungs.
• Do not open windows to let in "fresh air" during a smoke event — outside air is the source of contamination.
• Do not rely on cloth masks, bandanas, or paper dust masks — they provide minimal protection against fine smoke particles.
• Avoid burning candles, incense, or wood fires indoors during a smoke event — these worsen indoor air quality significantly.
• Do not ignore symptoms — persistent cough, shortness of breath, or chest tightness require medical attention.

Supplies Needed

• N95 or P100 respirators (several per person).
• HEPA air purifier with extra replacement filters.
• Duct tape and plastic sheeting for sealing window gaps in extreme events.
• Battery-powered air quality monitor or a reliable smartphone app with real-time AQI data.
• Spare HVAC/furnace filters rated MERV-13 or higher.

Recovery Steps

• Air out your home by opening windows and doors only after AQI drops below 35 (Good range).
• Replace HVAC filters after a significant smoke event — they trap particulates and become less effective.
• Wipe down hard surfaces (counters, floors, furniture) with a damp cloth — smoke particles settle throughout the home.
• Wash all bedding, curtains, and clothing that were exposed during the smoke event.
• Consult a doctor if you experience persistent cough, chest tightness, or worsening asthma after the event.